Showing 125 results for Ali
Masomeh Delaram, Ali Hasanpoor Dehkordi, Kobra Noriyan, Afsaneh Kazemyan, Nasrin Fouroozandeh,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (2-2008)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Emergency contraception methods used in a specilic time after an unprotected intercourse can reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy. Considering the role of health care provider's intercourse can extremely reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy, Considering the role of health- care providers in preventing unintended pregnancy, we decided to assess their knowledge, Attitude and Practice about emergency contraceptive methods in Shahr-e-kord, Irun.
Material and Methods: The subjects of this descriptive study were 102 lealth care providers engaged in all heath centers (N=9) and Hajar hospital of shahr-e-kord. After collecting the data by a researcher- made questionnaire, we used Chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze the data
Results: The results show that their knowledge of emergency contraceptive methods is inadequate (5.9%), moderate (37.3 %) and adequate (59.9%). Their attitude (80%) is positive and believe that these methods can not be considered abortion. More than 70% of them try to recommend these methods to the women. There is signilicant correlation between the level of knowledge and education level (P=0.002).
Conclusion: We recommend updating the people's knowledge about emergency contraceptive methods, mainly jud
Mr Alireza Shariati, Dr Mohammad Mojerloo, Mr Einolah Molaei, Mr Moslem Hesam, Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mr Hossein Nasiri, Dr Gholamreza Mahmodi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (11-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Anemia is one of the most common complications of end stage renal diseases. Inadequate production of erythropoietin is the main cause of anemia in these patients, and iron deficiency is the other important factor. We designed this study to survey the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in hemodialysis patients referred to hemodialysis ward of Panje Azar hospital in Gorgan, Iran.
Material and Methods: The subjects of this descriptive and cross-sectional study were all 97 patients undergone permanent hemodialysis. Hemoglobin, Serum Iron, Ferritin, Transferrin saturation and Hemoglobin index were measured to assess iron deficiency anemia. We did data analysis by using chi square, fisher exact test and independent T test in spss 13 environment.
Results: The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia were 57.6 and 31.1 percent, respectively. Tranferrin saturation in 29.16 percent of the patients is less than 20%. There was no significant correlation between signs of anemia and variables such as, duration of dialysis, causes of the disease and iron- deficiency anemia (p=0.06). But signs of anemia were significantly correlated (p<0.0001) with erythropoietin. In comparison with patients consumed iron orally, those who used injectable iron had higher serum iron, Hemoglobin and Transferrin saturation (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Because of high frequency of iron- deficiency that may results in resistance to erythropoietin therapy and leads to inappropriate treatment of iron deficiency. We recommend first treating of ID to prevent from useless administering of erythropoietin.
Mr Einollah Molaei, Mr Mohammad Jafar Aghakhani, Mr Ali Akbar Abdollahi, Mr Alireza Shariati, Dr Ramin Taj Bakhsh,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (11-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Recirculation rate is essential for the quality of Hemodialysis . Since the treatment of patients is based on the Dialysis Adequacy, the evaluation of recirculation is especially important. This study was performed with the aim of measuring arteriovenous fistula recirculation and its relationship with some factors in Hemodialysis patients.
Material and Methods: In this Descriptive-Analytical study, all Hemodialysis patients (n=100), in Panje Azar Hospital of Gorgan, whose vessels were accessed by arteriovenous Fistula was studied in the summer of 2009. In order to determine recirculation rate ، we used urea based classic method. The cut point of recirculation was considered 10%. The variables studied are Fistula longevity ، direction of needle insertion ، the space between needles and the place of needles fistula and KUF filteration. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and logistic regression test (odds ratio and ci reported) in the SPSS software.
Results: Patients were male (53) and female (47) with the mean age of 50.93± 17.23. The mean year of Dialysis history was 4.04 ± 5.04. Fifteen percent of patients had recirculation. Average access recirculation of all patients was 0.067 ± 0.118. Recirculation rate had significant relationship (P <0.05) with direction of two Arterial-Venous needle and the place of the two needles ، which may have been higher.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, we conclude that emphasis should be applied on instructing correct needle insertion in order to decrease recirculation
Mr Ghanbar Rouhi, Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mr Hossein Rahmani, Mr Ali Akbar Abdollahi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (11-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Human resources are the most valuable sources of an organization. Nurses, because of special nature of their job, are influenced by various stressors affecting on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The aim of this study was to compare Nurses’ job satisfaction and their organizational commitment in intensive care and general wards of Golestan University of medical sciences.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive & analytical study, 389 Nurses were selected via census sampling in 1387. The instrument were job satisfaction questionnaire reliabled by alpha chronbach and meyer organizational commitment scale.To analyze the data, we used Pearson correlation coefficient, independent test, regression and one way anova in spss 16 soft ware environment.
Results: Participants were between 22-55 years. Their mean age was 32.6 ± 7.4 and most of them (72.7%) were female. Intensive care and emergency wards’ Nurses had the lowest organizational commitment and job satisfaction, respectively. There was a significant relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment in studied wards (P<0.05).
Conclusion : Whereas job satisfaction can predict organizational commitment of Nurses, it is essential for administrators to consider factors such as salary, participation in decision making, job security, and job enrichment and so on to promote quality of services
Dr Akram Sanagoo, Dr Leila Jouybari, Mr Ali Kavoosi, Mr Mahdi Hesabi, Mis Zahra Sabzi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (11-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Appropriate spending of free time can be considered as an effective means to promote the physical, psychological and moral aspects of life and to avoid of social misconduct. Since it is true for students, we tried to study the leisure time of university students in Golestan province, 2007.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive survey (2007), the subjects were 1080 male and female students, selected by a randomized Multi-Stage sampling, from some universities (Golestan university of Medical sciences, Golestan University of agriculture and natural resources, Gorgan and Aliabad Azad University) in Golestan province.The data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire including 63 questions, and described by descriptive statistics.
Results: The students were female (55.8%), male (54.2%) and range of 18-26 years. Their leisure time were more than 3 hours (49.3%), less than 3 hours (31.7%) only one hour in a day (12.5%) and nothing (6.5%). The students spent their time by sending message
(30.1%), surfing the internet (27.2%), and physical activity such as walking and climbing (15.8%), talking on the phone (21%), chatting with friends (9.4%) and sleeping and watching movies (3.8%).
Conclusion: Because text messaging and surfing the internet are the main hobbies of the students , we recommend parents and university officials to have appropriate policy to help young people for using them in a healthy way.
Mis Akram Sanagoo, Mis Leila Jouybari, Mis Mahnaz Rezaiean, Mr Seyyed Yaqob Jafari, Mr Seyyed Ali Hosseini,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Happiness is related with efficiency, hope, power of thinking, academic achievement and quality of life. Any efforts to create a happy climate for the students may produce positive outcomes directly or indirectly on the society. The first step to would understand the students experiences of happiness in academic environment.
Material and Methods : In this phenomenological study the data gathered through open-interactive interviews with 50 university students. The sampling was purposeful and continued till achieving data saturation. The data analyzed according Colliazi approach.
Results: The main themes that emerged were "peace of mind and heart" and "passion and inspiration". Being purposeful and feeling accomplishment also were two factors that made the students happy.
Conclusion: Since the participants perceived happiness and being purposeful, and achievement related together therefore, developing approaches to create a happy university environment combined with spiritual wellbeing should be considered important for the educational policy makers.
Mr Ali Abbasi, Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mr Hossein Rahmani, Mr Alireza Shariati, Mr Seyyed Abedin Hosseini, Mr Ghanbar Rouhi, Mr Einollah Molaie,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Caregivers of chronic renal failure are faced with Hemodialysis related problems and coping with caring responsibilities.The Caregiver Burden is The negative effect of living with these patients. The aim of this study was to determine The Burden on Cargivers from Hemodialysis Patients and related factors.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, 120 Caregivers of chronic renal failure patients treated by Hemodialysis Gorgon's Panje Hospital were selected via census method . The construment was a demographics chek list and Caregiver Burden scale. We did Data analysis by spss software with, independent T-test, oneway, pearson and spearman test
(p< 0.05).
Results: The majority of Caregivers (74.2%) have severe Burden. There is a direct significant correlation between total Burden and the duration,of discase and revers significant correlation between total Burden and the ability to perform patients daily life activities (p< 0.05). The caregivers with a disease endure the heavier Burden (p< 0.05). The caregivers with poor economic condition and Caregivers of with high dependenc y patients bear more Burdens
(p< 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings, because of high Burden on Caregivers, we recommend that designing some plans to be designed to for improve the coping strategies and control of the factors affected on Caregiver Burden to promote their health .
Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mr Moslem Hesam, Mr Mostafa Ghorbani, Mr Alireza Shariati, Mr Hossein Nasiri,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Because of special life condition, martyrs and veterans students have unique status in comparison with other university students. The aim of this study was determination of relationship of perceived social support, mental health, and life satisfaction in martyrs and veterans students of state universities in Gorgan,Iran.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, 102 martyrs and veterans students were selected via census sampling. Demographic data sheet, perceived social support scale, general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and satisfaction with life scale were used. Descriptive statistics, liner regression analysis, spearman correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney test in spss 16 software environment were used for data analysis(P<0.05).
Results: According to GHQ-12, 21.4 percent of participants have unfavorite mental health (score less than 14). Findings show perceived social support is correlated with 23 percent of mental health changes (P=0.032) and 42 percent of life satisfaction changes (P=0.000). There is no significant relationship between perceived social support from friends and significant others and mental health and life satisfaction (P>0.05). There is significant correlation between mental health and life satisfaction (r= -0.534, P=0.000).
Conclusion: According to our findings, availability of perceived social support from family leads to promotion of mental health and life satisfaction of students.
Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mr Ali Akbar Abdollahi, Mr Seyyed Yaqob Jafari, Mis Mahnaz Rezaiean,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Student's mental health is one of the effective factors on academic achievement and it seems that the experience of university environment leads to some changes in it. The aim of this study was the assessment of Golestan medical university students' mental health, when they enter university and after one year.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study,the mental health of 132 students of Golestan university of medical sciences were measured in two times. The first was in entrance to university and the second was after one year.The date was gathered by a demographic data sheet and general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). Statistical analysis was done in SPSS-16 software environment,using descriptive statistics, spearman correlation coefficient, paired T-test and independent T-test.
Results: The subjects aged19.89 ± 1.22 are both boys(n=43,32.6%) and girls(n=89,67.4%). In entrance to university, 22% of students are indicaled as an inappropriate mental health.Paired T-test indicated that students' total mental health score and its subscales (somatic symptom, anxiety and sleep disorder, social dysfunction and depression) has no significant difference in two measurements(P>0.05).Based on independent T-test, the second measurement of mental health is not significant between dormitory residents and non dormitory students, and between native and nonnative students (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to our finding, in first year of university, student's mental health has no special changes. Small sample size and lack of follow up in later years of university can be our study limitation.
Mr Abdolrahman Charkazi, Mr Mohammad Ali Orouji, Mr Seyyed Mahdi Hazaveie,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Hydrogenated vegetable oils consumption –rich sources of both saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids is one of the most important risk factor for Coronary Vascular Diseases(CVD) .The aim of the current study was to investigat the hydrogenated vegetable oil consumption based on Precede model among women who attained in Khomein and Mahallat health centers in 2008.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic a study, 136 women who were covered by Khomein and Mahallat health centers selected through a systematic random sampling. Data gathering instrument was a researcher-designed valid and reliable questionnaire bases on Precede constructs. The data was analyzed by using independent T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient(p<0.05).
Results: Three point five percent have appropriate knowledge, 60.3% have favorite attitude and 67.7% have incorrect practice. Hydrogenated vegetable oil consumption rate is 72%.The expensive of unhydrogenated oil 77.9% and subsiding distribution of hydrogenated oil 77% are the most important enabling factors. Meanwhile, husband unwelcoming 66.2% is the most reinforcing factor that impede as an appropriale practice.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the majority of subjects have inappropriale nutritional practice. Reinforcing and enabling factors are effective on unhydrogenated oil consumption. Decrease of unhydrogenated oil price and encouragement of the spouses are recommended.
Mohammad Ali Orouji, Abdolrahman Charkazi, Fatemeh Yazdan Poor, Md Mansoor Naemi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Understanding and improving traffic behaviors, especially, the use of helmet is known as a strategy for preventing from road accidents. prevention of road accidents are caused Azsdma The aim of the present study was to assess the barriers to helmet use, based on health belief model in Khomein city.
Material and Methods: The subjects of this Cross-sectional study were 384 drivers recruited via convenience sampling.The instrument was a research-made questionnaire based on HBM items.The data related to performance, Perceived susceptibility, Perceived barriers, Perceived severity and Perceived benefits were analyzed by independent T-test,Pearson, spearman correlation, chi square and wilcoxon (p≤0.05).
Results: The barriers to helmet use are sweating, decreased hearing, expensiveness, heaviness, and visual limitation, chocking feeling, hairstyle, losing the helmet, shyness and time consuming, respectively. The rate of helmet use is 16.2%. According to the the subjects, education(61.4%) paying fines (22.7%) and confining motorcycles (15.9%) are effective on wearing helmet.
Conclusion: According to the results, we recommend performing proper educational programs about wearing helmet, based on HBM, designing new helmet by considering fore mentioned problems and modifying police treatments toward education.
Elias Bahador, Ali Abbasi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Health behaviors are undertaken to prevent from a disease or to maintain health. According to the effect of behavior patterns on the Health of community, we aimed to compare health behaviors of first and last semester students in Amirkabir and Tehran University and their relations with demographic factors.
Materials and Methods : In this descriptive -analytical study, 149 (99 first semester, 50 last) students of Tehran and Amirkabir university were recruited through stratified sampling in 2007. Data were collected by Health Behavior questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics and independent t test (p≤0.05) using SPSS-16 software.
Results: There is no significant relation between first semester’s physical exercises (p=0.6) and smoke cessation (p=0.07) and those of last semester’s ,but it is significant for proper nutrition pattern( p= 0.03).Health behaviors of first semester’s is better than that of last semester’s.
Conclusion: This survey shows that students have not good health behaviors therefore, we recommend designing and performing some educational programs for promoting proper health behaviors for freshmen and other students.
Phd Jalil Fathabadi, Phd Alireza Mohammadi Arya, Yazdan Kakaie, Mohammad Nozari,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Evaluation is considered as an integral component of academic planning system and the process of determining and providing necessary information about desirability of development program targets. The aim of present study was comprehensive evaluation of Islamic Azad University of Gorgan based on CIPP Model to provide useful information to help people to judge and improve the curriculum and develop the policy of programs .
Materials and Methods: The type of this study is educational evaluation. First, for conducting the evaluation, four domains of CIPP model including context, input, process and product was divided into more detailed parts, then primary standards were developed based on viewpoints of deans, head of department and faculty members of the university. After that, based on primary standards, measurement tools were created and administrated.
Results: The results showed that the average score of context, input, process and product from the perspective of faculty members, students, head of department, university administrators, professionals and graduates, is 2.55, 2.714, 3.208 and 2.91, respectively, which indicates the relative desirability of the university in these four factors. The total score of four factors is 2.845 indicating the relative desirability of the university in general.
Conclusion: Given the youth of Gorgan Azad University and low proportion of faculty members with full professor and associate professor degree, this level of desirability is acceptable.
Mis Katayoon Jalaliaria, Mr Hamid Asayesh, Mis Maliheh Sedehi, Mis Maryam Ghanbari,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Adolescence is a critical period of life accompanied by a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, which can be reduced by acquiring some special skills. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of anxiety management skills on Students’ Life Satisfaction in one of the Girls’ High schools in Gorgan, 2010.
Material and Methods : We conducted this pre-experimental study on 60 girl’s students , from a high school in Gorgan, selected via convenience sampling.We asked the subjects to fill out the demographic data sheet and Dinner life satisfaction questionnaire, and divided them randomly in two groups of intervention and control. For intervention group, a class of anxiety management was performed.To compare the means, we used independent t- test and paired t- test.
Results: The results show that there is significant difference between the life satisfaction of before and that of after education(P=0.028), but it is not true for control group.
Conclusion: Learning anxiety management skills can increase the rate of life satisfaction in Adolescents therefore, it can help them to overcome many social problems.
Keywords: Ttraining, Skill, Anxiety, Satisfaction of life, Students
Mr Mohammad Ali Oruoji , Mr Seyyed Javad Hashemi, Mr Seyyed Mehdi Hazavehei, Mr Abdolrahman Chrkazi, Mr Javad Javaheri, Mr Mohammad Moazeni,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Brucellosis is a zonosis that can be transmitted between species from animals to humans or from humans to animals, which is still a major health and economic problem. The main preventive strategy for brucellosis is to educate rural ranchers on the basis of Precede framework. We aimed to study the effect of educational intervention program based on Precede Model and its main components on preventive behaviors to reduce Brucellosis in the rural district of Khomein.
Material and Methods : In this pre-experimental randomized controlled study, the samples were 400 adult men of rural district of Khomein city randomly allocate d to case and control groups. Data gathering instrument was a questionnaire based on Precede framework. Reliability of the questionnaire through the internal consistency test on the pilot phase was approved on 25 individual and the validity was confirmed by face validity. The intervention, based Precede framework, was a package of three 60-90 minute sessions conducted weekly. The subjects were followed for three months and the data analyzed by independent T-test, paired T-test, analysis variance with repeated observations.
Results: After intervention, the mean scores of predisposing(knowledge and attitude), reinforcing and enabling factors in case group is different significantly from that in control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Planning and implementation of health education intervention via Precede framework could be positive in increasing preventive behaviors to reduce brucellosis incidence.
Keywords: Health education, Brucellosis, Precede framework
Mr Moradali Zarei Pour, Mr Hasan Eftekharardabili, Mr Kamal Azam, Mr Ehsan Movahed,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objective : Mental health of adolescents largely depends on family welfare. In secondary school period, most of teenagers’ talents can emerge and at the end of this time, they acquire social skills and independent identity. We aimed at evaluating the mental health and its relationship with family welfare in pre-university students in Salmas city.
Material and Methods : The subjects of this cross-sectional study were 160 pre-university students selected via stratified random sampling, based on gender. We collected the data by standard GHQ-28 and research-made family welfare questionnaires, and analyzed by chi square and logistic regression, using SPSS software.
Results: Based on the results, 48.9% of girls and 35.7% of boys are suspected to have mental disorder. The percentage of mental disorder among Students whose family welfare are excellent, intermediate and poor is 22.2%, 48.8% and 61.1%, respectively. Using chi square, there is significant relation between variables such as living with parents, maternal education, parental cohabitation, number of family members and all aspects of family welfare and mental health (p<0.05). By performing logistic regression, using Backward method, significant relationship is shown between mental health and variables such as gender, maternal education, parental cohabitation, leisure activities , economic status and family facilities (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The relationship found between mental health and family welfare is needed to have appropriate policies of government and family, in the form of welfare and leisure activities, to improve adolescents’ well-being.
Keywords: Mental health, Family welfare, Adolescent, GHQ-28 Questionnaire
Saied Ghari, Einollah Molaie, Dr Mohammad Mojerloo, Naser Behnampour, Alireza Shariati, Mohammad Jafar Aghakhani, Maryam Khari, Robabeh Salehi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and objective : Low blood pressure and Muscle cramps are common complications of Hemodialysis. One approach that has recently been proposed to prevent this complication is the combination of sodium and ultrafiltration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of of sodium and ultrafiltration profile on some of the common complications during Hemodialysis.
Material and Methods: In this crossover clinical trial study, 22 Hemodialysis patients referred to Panje-Azar Hospital in 2012 were divided randomly into two groups. For each group, two treatment protocols were conducted, six hemodialysis sessions. The intervention protocol was a linear sodium dialysate and linear ultrafiltration. In routine Protocol, both sodium dialysate and ultrafiltration were considered constant. Using chi-square test and relative risk, the data was analyzed (P<0.05).
Results: The mean age is 54.73 ± 11.21 year and 59.1% of them are females. The incidence of hypotension and muscle cramps in the experimental protocol procedure is significantly decreased compared with that of control group (P<0.05), but the incidence of headache and vomiting is not significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Because sodium and ultrafiltration profile is simple and cost-free and reduces the incidence of complications during dialysis, we recommend using sodium and UF profile instead of routine one.
Ali Akbar Abdollahi, Shahzad Mehranfard, Naser Behnampour, Dr Abdolmohammad Kordnejad,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Cardiac angiography, which is widely used in Iran, is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for cardiac diseases. The patients suffer from back pain due to complete bed rest after angiography. Thus, this study aimed at determining the correlated factors with the severity of back pain after cardiac angiography in Dr. Ganjavian Hospital of Dezful, 2011.
Material and Methods: In this correlational study, 140 candidates of cardiac angiography were selected via convenience sampling. We used a checklist to collect the data about age, sex, body mass index(BMI), smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and duration of angiography, which are the influential factors of the severity of back pain. Then, the severity of back pain was measured at first, second, fourth and sixth hour after angiography, using a numerical scale of pain assessment.To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistic, Mann Whitney and Spearman correlation.
Results: The subjects are males (N=67), females (N=64) and smokers (12%). The mean age is 55.7±7.7, and body mass index is 27.6±3.07. None of them has history of back pain and previous angiography. Based on Spearman, there is no significance correlation between back pain of 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after angiography and factors such as age, BMI and duration of angiography. Man Whitney test indicates a statistical significance between gender and severity of pain in the first hour (Z=-2.17) and sixth hour (Z=-2.4) after angiography, whereas there is no statistical significance in the second, fourth and fifth hour after angiography. As well, there is no significant correlation between back pain and variables such as smoking, diabetes and hypertension.
Conclusion: The findings showthat the nurses by being aware of related factors to back pain severity can try to reduce the pain and promote the patients’ convenience.
Dr Abdolrahman Charkazi, Naiemeh Nazari, Afieh Samimi, Ghorban Mohammad Koochaki, Mohammad Taghi Badeleh, Dr Hossein Shahnazi, Dr Mitra Moedi, Mohammad Ali Orouji, Mansoor Salehpour, Arefeh Niazi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Transtheoretical model (TTM) is one of the models applied to assess the regular physical activity. The aim of the current study was to investigate the regular physical activity based on transtheoretical model constructs among Golestan University of Medical Sciences’ students.
Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 295 students were recruited through convenience sampling. The instruments were Marcos et al. Stages of change and Nigg et al. Decisional balance questionnaires. Their validity was approved by content and face validity andtheir reliability by test re test method. Data analysis was conducted by Chi-square ,Logestic regression, and ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants is 21.89±3.05.Eighty nine point five percent are unmarried and 67.5% females .The results show that they are in precontemplation (60.3%) contemplation(8.8%), preparation(11.9%), action(9.5%) and maintanenec (9.5%)stages. There is a significant relationship between stage of change with cons and pros of physicalactivity(p<0.05) .Male gender, Bsc and lower educational levels along with cons are the best predictors of regular physical activity(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Since the majority of the students(81%) have a sedentary life, It is a necessity to conduct some planned interventions for their progress on maintenance stage. Increasing of pros and decreasing of cons could be useful.
Mostafa Ghorbani, Hamid Asayesh, Fereydoon Jahangir, Mohammad Taghi Badeleh, Aziz Rezapour, Mohammad Ali Soleimani, Dr Morteza Mansoorian, Mahdi Noroozi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Substance abuse is a worldwide problem and converted to a big challenge for human society. The trend of this phenomenon is rapidly increasing in the world and our country . Because of quick change of substance abuse profile, a comprehensive assessment for exact identification of this phenomenon is needed. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between substance abuse route and age related factors in substance abuser.
Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study (2008), 120 subjects referred to the addiction clinic of Panje-Azar Hospital in Gorgan, Golestan University and medical sciences were selected via systemic random sampling. The data was gathered by a questionnaire and interview and analyzed by, using SPSS software, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P<0.05).
Results: The mean age of the subjects is 34.2±10.96, with the range of 16-66 years. The subjects are males (107 89.2%) and married (78 65%). The first Substance abuse of 87 (72.5%) is opium, which is the most commonly abused substance before withdrawal for 64.2% of the subjects. The main causes of the first use are having pleasure (38.8%), getting rid of psychological problem (23.3%) and being curios (23.3%). Sixty (50%) of them report that they first experienced it at home. The relation between age and route of substance abuse is statistically significant (P=0.025).
Conclusion: According to rapid change in substance abuse profile and the characteristics of addicted people, periodically assessments are necessary for identifying this phenomenon and planning evidence based preventive plans.
