Showing 6 results for Risk Factors
Maryam Sohrabi, Dr Yadollah Jannati, Dr Masoomeh Bagheri Nesami, Dr Jamshid Yazdani Charaty, Dr Shahzad Mazdarani,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Delirium is a kind of fluctuating cognitive destruction , disorientation and a common problem for inpatients, which leads to increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay, increased cost and decreased rehabilitation. This study evaluates the incidence of delirium and its associated risk factors in open heart surgery.
Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in six month (2011), via convenience sampling, on 404 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery in the heart center of Fatemeh Zahra in Sari, Iran. Using Neecham questionnaire and demographic checklist, delirium was evaluated from the first till the fifth day of surgical operation. We used survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression) to analyze the findings, using SPSS software version18.
Results: The incidence of delirium is reported 28.5%. There is a significant relation between the incidence of delirium and variables such as age , lower education, rural, history of kidney failure, heart failure, stroke, hearing disorder, atrial fibrillation, increased serum potassium and increased serum urea.
Conclusion: According to the results, screening for d elirium is a matter of the utmost importance . With attention to individual profile and preoperative factors related to delirium, it is necessary to train elder and lower education patients, to maintain electrolyte balance before operation and to eliminate sensory deprivation in order to lessen the incidence of delirium.
Ali Akbar Abdollahi, Seyyed Abedin Hosseini, Dr Aref Salehi, Gholamreza Vaghari, Naser Behnampour,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background and objective: Cardiovascular disease is the leading problem of the elders. It is progressive disorder that is initiated in childhood and its clinical demonstration is revealed after middle-aged period. This study aimed to determine the relationship between coronary artery disease- related risk-factors and aging.
Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on all 772 elders referring to Kosar Angiography Center in Golestan province, 2008-2009. The subjects were divided into coronary disorder group and normal group. The risk factors including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, smoking and drug addiction were assessed. The data was analyzed by SPSS-16, using Mann-Whitney and T-test.
Results: Most of the subjects were between 65 to 75 years. Of the three main vessels, the most involved one was circumflex (31.5%). The factors such as gender and systolic hypertension were significantly different in two groups. Furthermore, the Risk ratio in the patients with systolic hypertension (1.13 times) and the ones with diastolic hypertension (1.11 times) was more than normal group.
Conclusion: Gender and systolic hypertension in the elders with CAD are the main and predisposing factors. Therefore, if we control hypertension, it may be possible to prevent from the CAD progress.
Fatemeh Alijani, Ahmad Khosravi , Mahdieh Sadat Mousavi , Vanessa Delarosa ,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women is a global public health concern. The study was conducted to determine the associated factors of domestic violence against infertile women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 379 infertile women referred to the infertility clinic in Sari, between October 2015 and March 2016. The convenience sampling was used considering inclusion criteria. Data was collected using Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). Data was presented with descriptive statistics and Logistic regression to determine associated factors with DV in SPSS-16 software. The significant level was considered P<0.05.
Results: Finding showed that majority of infertile women (88.9%) experienced domestic violence. The age (OR=0.91 95% CI: 0.85-0.99) and smoking (OR=8.12 95% CI: 1.87-35.21) with domestic violence.
Conclusions: Regarding the high prevalence of domestic violence and its consequence on society, screening violence in health centers and support at-risk family via counseling are recommended.
Atif Mahmood, Mahvish Mansoor Ali, Farahnaz Shoukat Ali Punjwani, Sana Sadruddin Bardai, Sonia Sultan, Omar Shamim,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Stressful situation are among the challenging experiences especially in clinical setting. The aim of this study was to compare the level of work-related stress among nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), General ward and Emergency setting.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at different private tertiary hospitals of Karachi in 2017-2018. Two stage sampling technique including quota and convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data. A total of 225 participants were recruited. Pre-validated questionnaire was used which contained different stress related categories. Midwives, nursing assistants, part time nurses and nurses employed at management positions were excluded from the study. Data were presented as frequency and percentage and mean and standard deviation. The chi-square test was used for examine association of categorical variables. The SPSS used for data analysis.
Results: The mean age of participants was 26.5±2.4 years. Stress among nurses working in emergency department was found to be highest in all categories. Management related stress was 77.3% and 69.3% due to criticism by supervisor and inadequate support by supervisor, respectively. Patient related stress was 72% and 64% due to health risk posed by patient contact and communication about death to patient. About 81.3% of the nurses of emergency department reported high level of stress due to covering work for another employee followed by 66.7% related to working overtime. Moreover, 86.7% and 62.7% of participants had high level of stress due to inadequate salary and lack of recognition.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the level of stress varies within different departments in the hospitals. There are several work-related stressors that found more in Emergency department than ICU or General ward.
Azize Aydemir, Derya Esenkaya,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent health issue that has a psychological impact on those affected. Urinary incontinence, which affects approximately 1 in every 3 women, is a distressing condition that significantly impairs their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the frequency of UI in women, identify risk factors, and assess its impact on the QOL.
Methods: This analytical, cross-sectional study involved 300 women aged 20 and above who were admitted to the Obstetrics Clinic of a university hospital between June 21, 2022, and August 15, 2022. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included the Descriptive Characteristics Form, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and Wagner QOL Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, and results were evaluated with a 95% CI. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The frequency of UI among the participants was 48% according to the ICIQ-SF and 62% according to the Wagner QOL Scale. Participants reported experiencing mild UI and psychological distress. The psychosocial well-being of women with UI was found to be moderately and negatively affected (48%). It was determined that 52.2% of the variation in the UI variable could be explained by factors such as body mass index (BMI), history of miscarriage, education level, and age. Miscarriage (Odds ratio [OR], 3.102; 95% CI, 1.502-6.408), lower education level (OR, 3.211; 95% CI, 1.282-8.408), and age (OR, 1.061; 95% CI, 1.024-1.100) were identified as risk factors for UI (P < 0.05). A significant correlation (r = 0.89; P < 0.001) was observed between the QOL and ICIQ-SF measurement tools.
Conclusion: Nearly half of the women experience UI, which has a detrimental impact on their QOL. Higher education levels, healthy lifestyle, and post-miscarriage risk assessment can help protect women from UI.
Mehrdad Rohaninasab, Masumeh Hesari, Zahra Mollazadeh Narestan , Akram Gazerani,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in many societies has raised concerns. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in hospitals in Neyshabur, Eastern Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 neonates born before 37 weeks of gestational age between 2017 and 2019 in the educational hospitals of Neyshabur. The infants were included in the research through convenience sampling. The research tool consisted of items addressing issues related to both mothers and newborns. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, employing descriptive and analytical statistics, including chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Results: The rate of preterm birth in Neyshabur over the three-year period was 2.85%. Bicornuate uterus (1.83%) and cervical insufficiency (1.46%) were the most observed uterine factors, while umbilical cord prolapse (1.83%) and placental adhesion (1.46%) were the most prevalent placental factors. Moreover, breech presentation (10.98%) was the most common co-occurring fetal factor in preterm birth. A significant difference was found between the length of pregnancy and the type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section) (P=0.003).
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of preterm birth in Neyshabur, it is recommended that mothers undergo periodic evaluations before and during pregnancy to identify and manage any accompanying problems or underlying conditions promptly.
