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Volume 1, Issue 2 (3-1997)
Abstract

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Volume 1, Issue 2 (3-1997)
Abstract

The Effect of Entonox on Labor Pain and Outcome of Delivery in Primiparous in Iranshahr, Iran (2009)
Tahmineh Salehian, Faranak Safdari, Samaneh Jahantighi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (8-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Labor pain is a severe pain and the most well-known one. When the pain is not relieved, it leads to some adverse effects such as the increase of cardiac output, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen consumption, and catecholamine levels. All of them can have a harmful effect on both mother and infant. Pain during labor is accompanied by fear, which makes slow the progress of labor. In many countries, because the side effects of the drugs can cause adverse effects on women and their infants, analgesic medications may not be given. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Entonox on labor pain and outcome of delivery in primiparous women in Iranshahr, Iran (2009). 
 Material and Methods: In this study , in order to determine the effect of Entonox on labor pain and outcome of delivery, 100 primiparous women were randomly assigned to two equivalent groups (n = 50): case and control group . Data were collected by a questionnaire. Labor pain was measured seven times by using a (visual-analogue scale). The length of delivery time was calculated in two stages: from four centimeter cervical dilatation to full cervical dilatation, and from full cervical dilatation to the delivery. 
Results: There is a significant difference between the severity of the pain in two groups (P<0.05), But there is no significant difference between the duration of the active phase and the second phase of the labor. There is no significant difference between the first and fifth minute Apgar Scoring between two groups (P<0.05). No atony is observed in the subjects. Sixty-six percent of case group and 42% of control group express that they have satisfaction from their delivery. 
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Entonox can be effective intervention to decrease pain during labour.

The Effect of the Presence of an Attendant on Anxiety and Labor Pain of Primiparae Referring to Hajar Hospital in Shahre Kurd, 2010
Mis Leila Rafiee Vardanjani, Mis Fariba Nobakht, Mis Faranak Safdari Dahcheshmeh, Mis Neda Parvin,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2012)
Abstract

  Background and Objective: Mother’s satisfaction of childbirth is considered as an important criterion of maternal care quality and it has an effect on mental health of family and community, and Mother's mood is significant in the outcome of labor.­ ­The parturient supported by significant others has less anxiety, experience of safe childbirth and ­ adequate satisfaction . Thus, we ­aimed at assessing the effect of the presence of an attendant on satisfaction, anxiety and labor pain of primiparae referring to Hajar Hospital in Shahre Kurd, 2010.

  Material and Methods: ­ This pre-experimental study was conducted on 60 primiparous women, referring to Hajar Hospital in Shahre Kurd (2010), who were divided into equal experimental and control groups. ­The parturients of ­ both groups received common cares, while those of experimental group were allowed to be with an attendant.­ Using a check list, we assessed the level of anxiety, labor pain, newborn's first- minute apgar , the onset of breastfeeding and ­childbirth satisfaction from beginning to end of labor, and analyzed the data by­ SPSS-­16 software, using t-tests and Chi-square.

  Results:­ Our findings show that ­the support given by an attendant during childbirth significantly decrease the level of anxiety, early start of breastfeeding and increased mother's satisfaction of childbirth(p<0/05). There is ­no significant difference between two groups on length of active phase, ­ duration of second phase of childbirth and apgar of the first minute.

  Conclusion:­ ­ According to results, we conclude that being an attendant near parturient can bring about childbirth satisfaction , decreased anxiety, and early start of breastfeeding.

  Key words: Attendant, Delivery process , Anxiety, Satisfaction


The Pressure on the SanYinJiao and Hugo on the Duration of the First and Second Stage of Labor
Rafat Kazemzadeh, Fahimeh Sehatie Shafaie, Farideh Mostafazadeh, Firoozeh Asad Zadeh, Masoomeh Rostamnejad,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (9-2013)
Abstract

  Background and Objective: One of the problems that the women are faced with is prolonged labor, leading to high possibility of infection, hypoxia, physical, neural damage and death of fetus and neonate, newborn death, postpartum hemorrhage, increased maternal insomnia and fatigue. This research aimed at determining the effects of acupressure on Sanyinjiao - Hegu points in nulliparous women.

  

  Material and Methods: This double blinded-randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 nulliparous referring to the hospitals in Ardabil, 2012. The subjects were randomly allocated to intervention and control group. The intervention was the pressure applying on Sanyinjiao - Hegu points in different dilatations. The Length of the first and second stage was recorded by vaginal exam and the data was analyzed by f SPSS- 16, using Chi-Square and independent t- test.

  

  Results: the mean of active phase in intervention group (2:15±1:19 hour) compared to control group (4:10±1:59 hour) was decreased (p=0.001). The length of second stage in intervention group (00:45 ± oo: 25 minute) in comparison with control group (1:04 ± 00:39 hour) was reduced (p=0.008).

  

  Conclusion: Acupressure on sanyinjiao-hegu points resulted in shortening the length of active phase and second stage of delivery. Because of being simple, inexpensive, safe and acceptable for clients, it can be used in training and clinical practice of midwifery students.

 


Comparison of Maternal Sleep Quality in Postpartum Period between Vaginal Delivery and Cesarean Section
Ziba Raeesi Dehkordi, Morvarid Ghasab Shirazi, Masoomeh Alidoosti, Mahdi Raee, Masoomeh Del Aram, Mandana Mir Mohammad Ali, Mohammad Rahimi Madiseie,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract

  Background and objective : Postpartum is a critical and stressful period accompanying by fatigue, mood changes and sleep disorders. The purpose of this study was to describe sleep during the second and sixth week of postpartum in the women with cesarean and those with vaginal delivery.

  Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 women in the second and sixth week of postpartum period (48 after cesarean and 48 after vaginal delivery).­ The instruments were demographic data sheet and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale .

  Results: The Results show that the subjects are correlated with each other on the basis of both parents’ and neonates’ demographic characteristics.­­Variables such as subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, actual sleep time , sleep efficiency , sleep disturbance , and daily disfunctioning indicator are significantly different in two groups.­ ­The mean of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for vaginal delivery is higher than that ­ of cesarean, which can be a good reason for better sleep quality of the women with vaginal delivery.

  Conclusion: Mothers with Cesarean have lower sleep quality than those with ­normal delivery therefore, they should be educated to select normal delivery and intervened for improving sleep quality in postpartum period.

 


Post Delivery Consequents in Women Admitted in Latent and Active Phase of Labor
Somayyeh Naghizadeh, Fahimeh Sehhati, Dr Morteza Gojazadeh,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The time of admission to delivery center can have an important impact on the outcome of labor. This study aimed at comparing the post delivery consequences in women admitted in latent and active phase of Labor. 
Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 500 parturients, in Taleghani hospital of Tabriz, divided into two equal groups of latent phase (N = 250) and active phase (N=250). For data collection, we used a demographic Questionnaire, a Checklist for assessing the third and fourth labor stages and the results of mothers' physical examination (pre discharge and 10 days after delivery).
Results: In accordance with age, number of pregnancy, delivery , abortion, stillbirth and the number of natural pregnancy, the difference between two groups was not significant. But about the complications of 4th stage of labor, postpartum hemorrhage and pre- discharge Hb & Hct, the difference was significant. Apgar score in the first minute (p<0.03), Cord ABG (p<0.001) and the interventions conducted on infants such as resuscitation (p<0.001) were significantly different between two groups of latent and active phase. 
Conclusion: Admission in the latent phase is accompanied by increased complications and early medical interventions. Hence, admitting in latent phase is not recommended unless there are some specific medical indications.

Effect of Acupressure on Duration of Labor in Nulliparous Women
Shahnaz Tork Zahrani , Khadijeh Ghobadi, Dr Reza Heshmat, Dr Nozhat Shakeri,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (11-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Delivery period can be an effective factor on pregnancy outcomes and feto-maternal complications. Since its prolongation may lead to medical and surgical interventions, we aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on delivery duration of nulliparous women. 
Material and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 150 parturients referring to Dezianii Hospital in Gorgan, Iran. They were assigned to three groups of acupressure by researcher, acupressure by mother and routine care (control group). The intervention was 20 minutes of pressure for one to five sessions. Data was analyzed by SPSS-17 software, using ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis.
Results: The first stage of labor in researcher (269.78±102.27), mother (302.72±115.83) and control group (345.92±140.63) was not significantly different (P=0.084(.Furthermore, the period of second stage in all three groups showed no significant difference (P=0.77). 
Conclusion: Given that acupressure is a simple, accessible and free of side effect method, it has not significant impact on the duration of labor.

Serum Zinc & Iron in the First Half of Pregnancy and Their Relationship with Preterm Delivery: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Fatemeh Raeesian, Dr Minor Lamiyan, Dr Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Sareh Bakouie, Somayeh Soltanmoradi, Dr Lida Moghaddam Banaem , Fatemeh Seifi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Preterm delivery is a critical factor in neonatal morbidity & mortality. The present study was performed to determine the relationship between the serum level of zinc& iron and preterm delivery. 
Material and Methods: This cohort study was conducted, via multi-stage sampling, on 1033 pregnant women referred to the prenatal centers in Tehran, Iran. The instrument was demographic- productivity questionnaire completed within the14th-20th weeks of gestation. Serum level of zinc & iron was measured by spectrophotometric atomic absorption method and Ferene test, respectively. To analyze the data, we used T test, χ2 and logistic regression using SPSS16 software. 
Results: The incidence of preterm delivery was 10.5%. This rate increased to 12.5% and 18.2% in lack of iron and zinc, respectively. There was no significant link between lack of zinc level and preterm delivery (P>0.05), But the relationship between lack of iron and preterm delivery was significant (P< 0.05). Based on logistic regression, there was higher risk of preterm delivery if iron serum level was low. 
Conclusion: Given the high impact of lack of iron on preterm delivery, we recommend that the factors effective on intake & absorption of iron be emphasized in reproductive education courses.

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